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Bugged by the Stomach Bug?

T’is the season for the flu and the common cold, but not many people talk about the viruses that can also cause gastrointestinal symptoms. Certain viruses can cause both upper respiratory and GI symptoms at the same time, or start in the upper respiratory tract, then move down…

One of the most common bugs is called Norovirus and is very contagious, especially from November through April. This virus causes inflammation of the GI tract and leads to many common symptoms. It spreads through direct contact with those infected, contaminated fruits and vegetables, and contaminated surfaces.

Here are the symptoms of a viral gastrointestinal illness- AKA acute gastroenteritis. They usually develop within 12-48 hours after being exposed.

  • Nausea

  • Vomiting

  • Diarrhea

  • Bloating

  • Cramping and stomach pain

  • Sometimes fever, headache, fatigue and body aches

Symptoms usually last 1-3 days and resolve without any issues. However sometimes if vomiting and diarrhea continue for longer, you may be at risk for dehydration.

If you have any of these symptoms, you may need to see your doctor and get IV fluids: 

  • Decreased urination

  • Feeling dizzy when getting up

  • Fainting

How can you prevent this illness?

  • Wash your hands often

    • Especially after using the toilet or changing diapers

    • Before eating or handling food

  • Handle food safely

    • Wash all fruits and veggies thoroughly

    • Cook food thoroughly, especially shellfish, which can contain the virus

    • Keep in mind that norovirus can survive high heat, so will not be killed in quick steaming processes

  • Clean and disinfect surfaces

  • Do not prepare food for others for at least 2 days after symptoms stop

  • Immediately remove and wash clothing that has been affected by vomit or feces

What to do if you have this illness?

  • If you can handle fluids, drink as much as you can. Electrolyte fluids like Gatorade or Pedialyte are preferred if you are not able to eat anything

  • Eat/drink Broth that contains salt- including chicken and beef broths

  • Eat in small amounts to not overwhelm your GI tract

  • Saltine crackers can help with stomach acid formation

  • Follow a BRAT diet, which is mostly bland foods and easily digested:

    • Bananas- great to slow down diarrhea

    • Rice- plain steamed is best

    • Apples/applesauce

    • Toast- plain, easily digested

  • If you can’t handle anything and it lasts for more than 24 hours, then you may need to get IV fluids- this is the time to seek medical care

  • Medications: anti-diarrhea and anti-nausea agents are usually not required, but can be used if symptoms are uncontrolled

    • Loperamide- over the counter

    • Anti-nausea meds are by prescription only and are only used in severe cases of vomiting that does not go away at all

  • As always, if you are unsure, talk to your doctor

For more information you can visit the CDC website linked here.